The internet is one of the fastest growing media in today’s India and the world, everyone knows. But even living in this digital age, many business owners are still close to this online world and do not want to believe that having a digital presence today, it is absolutely necessary.

Therefore, we have compiled some data on the current growth of the Internet in India, to help you convince that customer basis with more resistant to digital.

A survey showed how technology in India is becoming more democratic. The latest survey showed that Indians with low-income are also connected to the Internet and the number is growing at a rapid pace.

The number of Internet users in India is expected to triple by 2016.

The higher growth of internet access in the last six years, the Indians were above 50 years.

Today we have 160 million Indian browsing on computers and laptops using cloud computing solutions to store their important data.

And we cannot forget the phones, which are already part of the lives of nearly 70% of Indians, highlighting women who have surpassed men in the mobility.

Be on the computer, tablets, smartphones, internet cafes or even at community centers installed in low-income communities, the internet is there, and we can not escape it. And companies that are not inserted in the middle with a good online presence, surely you are losing market share.

We will now help that number grow…

You want to make a website ?

Here you can learn everything you need to create your website.

No need to buy books or manuals. All the steps that you’ll need to understand are explained here.

What You Need To Start Making Website

There are two basic steps to make a website:

1) Register a domain name (for the address, eg. website.com or website.co.in , etc..).
2) Hosting Service (a server where you will put the pages of your site).

But before we start creating a website, you must define the type of website you want and choose the best domain hosting service for your needs.

Want to make a Website or want to make a Blog?

Do not know the difference between the two? Cannot decide which one to choose, or if you need both? Consider:

The Free Blog may have the advantage of being easier and faster to get to work. Just go to blogspot.com or wordpress.com, register, choose a template, launch the text, a photo / image, and you’re done! The blog is done in seconds! You do not need to know any programming or HTML.

But you cannot put the website online quickly. You have to get a domain, hosting and a good program for creating sites (tool that can be provided by the dedicated hosting service, or we can buy the software – as is the case for example of Dreamweaver ).

A Blog is better if you have a topic about which you will talk often. When people like the blog, subscribe to it. People subscribe to a blog by subscribing your feed, which means that they are waiting for the blog update and the blog should be updated quite regularly. The latest content is placed at the top of the page indicating the date it was published. If the blog is not updated as frequently, you start losing readers.

With sites there is a pressure of having them constantly updated. We make websites with themes and content that does not easily become outdated, and remain useful for long time.

But attention both Blogs and Sites require work, especially if you want to achieve traffic levels that lets you earn money online.

At an early stage, especially for those who are just beginning to learn how to make a website, it is advisable to start with a website and a blog simultaneously. It is best to choose which one to do. The Site, or a Blog.

Website Planning:

It is essential to take time to plan your site before you start your actual construction. This aspect of planning is especially important if you intend to make money with your website.

Opt for a free service?

The one who does not want to take the matter very seriously can choose to create a free website.

I did it once but I’ll never repeat that mistake again.

What I did was, I installed some free sites on a server that allowed me to use ASP files. Had to make some changes in the script which finally worked for me. Everything went well with the sites that came up to get a considerable amount of visits, each. A few months later advertisements and banners began appearing on all my pages. I decided to get them out of my sites. But I lost the access to panel file management of sites. I complained but never received an answer.

The problem is that, when we choose a free service we’re actually limiting the potential of the site and even jeopardize our future. Unfortunately what happened to me is not uncommon. The site occasionally went down and was mostly unavailable on these free servers. Service simply ends without any intimation or warning, eventually lose all the time and work you committed to that site.

Can Internet do something for you?

Can…  Yes but How?

With some dedication if you follow the tips, you will find a lot of solutions.

Make Money with Affiliate Programs

This is a way to make money on that when recommending products on your site from other sites, you shall then receive a commission.
There are platforms on which you can subscribe, which will have access to various affiliate programs that will allow you to earn money.

Increasingly, the sites are modernizing and trying to keep up on top in search results. However, you need to invest in technology to achieve better positioning. Due to the considerable increase of material available on the web, it is essential to determine its existence so as to remain competitive. A site that is ranking in the search will surely be benefited.

As a definition, we have:

Crawler:

Also known as Robot, Bot or Spider. These are programs used by search engines to explore the Internet and automatically download web content available on web sites. They capture the text of the pages and the links found, and thus enable search engine users to find new pages. Methodically, it exposes content and deems irrelevant content in the source code of sites, and stores the rest in the database. It is a software developed to perform a scan on the internet in a systematic manner through information perceived as relevant to their function. One of the bases of the Search Engines, they are responsible for the indexing of websites and storing them in the database of search engines.

The process that executes a web crawler is called Web crawling or spidering. Many sites, in particular search engines, use crawlers to maintain an updated database. Web crawlers are mainly used to create a copy of all the visited pages for post-processing by a search engine that will index the downloaded pages to provide faster searches. Crawlers can also be used for automated maintenance tasks on a website, such as checking links or validating HTML code. The crawlers can also be used to obtain specific types of information from Web pages, such as mining addresses emails (most commonly for spam).

The search engine crawlers generally seek information about permissions on the content. There are two ways to block a decent crawler from indexing a particular page (and the links contained therein). The first, and most common, is through the robots.txt file. The other way is through the meta robots tag with value “noindex” or “nofollow”, used to not to index (the page itself) and not below (the links in the page), respectively. There is also a third possibility, much less exploited, which is using the rel = “nofollow” for links, indicating that the link in particular should not be followed.

The Robots Perform In Three Basic Actions:

• First they find the pages of the site (process called crawling or spidering) and build a list of words and phrases found in every page;
• With this list they create a database and find the exact pages they should seek by entering the query in search option and the database organized by general features found in its pages. The machine enters the site in general database is called indexer;
• After that, the robot is able to find the site when the end user type a word or phrase. This step is called query processor.

As we can see, behind any search performed on the internet, there are a number of mechanisms that work together to provide a satisfactory result to the user. The process seems somewhat complex, however, nothing noticeable to us mere information seekers.

An essential step in the field of IT really exert its central purpose and role of enabler area to other business areas of the company (MKT, HR, Relationships, etc.) is an attitude / decision / posture obvious as that sounds, but that in fact does not happen in most companies. Instead of systems to suit the needs of the areas and the company’s employees who are usually suited to systems, as traditionally casts and complex mazes.

We are not recommending homemade recipes, nor testifying against the standard tools of market. We encourage the adoption of market solutions, however, adequately to the reality and needs of the company. Otherwise, curious phenomena can happen.

Highlight among the curious phenomena, the birth of professional-interfacer areas and IT Enabled

The first relates to the incredible skill that professionals (mainly operating and relationship) develop interfaces to create communication and relationship between autonomous systems and isolated using simple tools such as Notepad software associated with sequences of combinations of shortcut keys (Ctrl Cs +, ALT + Tabs, Ctrl + Vs, Ctrl + and Ctrl + Tabs PgUps). This occupation (by the complexity of its activities) has a high cost for companies, mainly due to the amount and intensity of training required for the field of systems.

The second deals with the inadequacy of the systems associated with corporate overhead area responsible (IT) that drives the business areas to brave inhospitable skills to their core competencies, to develop by themselves, and systems (usually Access and Excel based) to run, manage and organize their activities. Most often, such systems harbor vital information for the company that could (and should) be shared with other areas of the business.

Both phenomena, among many other areas of the business and IT know deeply, generate negative consequences in building company value. In terms of relationship, to cite one case, the negative impact on customer satisfaction and other stakeholders (and indicators of care TMA, First Call Resolution, etc.) happens in real time, while the customer waits for the attendant (attendant-interfacer) seek information on the complexity of seemingly simple database company (or would bag a bunch of data?).

The adoption of new IT concepts such as SAS, SOA, cloud solutions, data backup services and flexible programming languages such as Java and .NET, and open and customizable platforms seek to bring agility, speed, customization and flexibility for business activities and processes supported by IT. But, more than this, and the correct adjustment systems or increasing the capacity of IT (which are consequences and systemic symptoms), the solution, in most cases, can be the elimination of communications between customer-supplier and the structuring of a corporate IT strategic planning.

The elimination of noise is essentially communication by creating a bridge between two worlds that seem distinct: The world of politics and business rules and the world of functional and technical specifications. The skill required to build such bridges should start from both sides, the business areas in relation to IT and IT professionals who, in turn, must seek to understand the activities, processes and back-office functions that support activities and the reality of end-points of contact between the company and its stakeholders. Once IT pros have coupled with technical expertise, a strong skill of advisory support business, the results of projects and IT developments geared to user areas will be significant.

However, to communicate accurately and with mutual understanding is meaningless when the communication is a noise itself.

A noise as a function of the absence of a corporate IT planning – defining clear goals and priorities that are worth for the whole company – the IT field becomes hostage to the power, influence or ability to shout louder than your internal customers since the demands appear on all sides with the same (apparent) degree of urgency.

Adopt a management model of IT value associated with a structured corporate planning eliminates the perception of non-delivery of IT – since all areas are consensus and aligned around a single goal – and enabling IT is not only empowering other areas of the business, but also add value and expertise to the company.

Investments in Information Security is already on the list of priorities of CIOs of large corporations. This concern is already being reality in small and medium enterprises.

Arrange to grow in a sustainable manner is a common goal of organizations, small and medium businesses. However to take the first step, it is clear that such distance companies still need to go, since the creation of formal business plan, to prepare for any uncertainties, developing a governance model consistent with the future plans, identify and manage the risks associated with the business, the assessment of potential risks, will not go unnoticed themes linked to: actions of hackers and viruses, loss of information of customer, operational availability, and ethical conduct of partners and employees, intellectual property, spying on information leaks and even fraud.

Align to pursuit growth, it is increasingly important that the technology is embedded in organizational life and the quest for preservation is directly proportional to its investment capacity, maintenance and protection of the technology, processes, people and also the physical environment.

Currently companies, especially the SMEs can no longer enjoy a comfort zone for too long. The technology, globalized world, the economy and government policies allow the entry of competitive firms in the market every day. In small businesses, the working capital is limited, the credit lines are not as available as in larger companies.

Even in solid midsize companies, with over 20 years of existence, however they kept their family run, should start worrying about competing with new market segments in certain international investments of large multinational companies that want to leverage demand of domestic market that is already a reality.

This competition makes use of Information Technology, robust and totally secure, which as we have seen, are not available on our SMEs. Competitive advantage is what every company hopes. However, not all know the means to achieve this goal. IT, armed with strategic tools, can provide this environment. However it cannot be more detached from the Governance Information Technology, risk increases every day in this scenario as competition is globalized.

The concept of Trade Marketing and CRM Should be used widely and broadly for business survival, that today translates into investments in applications, integrated systems throughout the production chain, big data, cloud hosting solutions, etc.. The dynamics of everyday life of large companies should also start becoming part of the reality of SMEs, much more accessible than in the past in every way, enables smaller companies to become more competitive in the domestic market.

The integrated view of information security to these new technologies that become part of competition, can have the same tools, however guarantee, reliability, availability, and integrity of information that this vision will be distributed and managed across the supply chain, from the industry to the point of sale. And yet to receive feedback from shoppers and consumers feeding the data analysis process in reverse. Then yes, definitely will be competitive and can be obtained through the Governance of Information Security.

In various methodologies, best practice models, frameworks and standards of ICT, find a topic that is very common, administration tool based on the PDCA quality.

This tool aims to ensure the achievement of goals required for the survival of the business and though simple, is a step forward without limit to effective planning.

This cycle is required for all experiments that are constantly revised, so the adjustments are performed and the learning with errors is possible. This way, you can always identify needs for improvement, particularly in SMEs where resources in all senses are more scarce, and should thus achieve the best possible productivity processes deployed.

Several factors influence the implementation of an Governance Information Security, beginning by naming a nasty somewhat strange reality of Small and Medium enterprises. The profile of the IT professional is another factor which is decisive for the success of a project of this level. In addition to technical skills, you need other features like profile negotiator and leadership regardless of who occupies hierarchy.

We use the basic models, standards and practices, without forgetting to use only what fit the reality of the company concerned, riding without any shame, its management model.

The competitive advantage that will be created following implementation of the model will not only meet the market but will also foster growth, visibility and credibility of IT internally in all their relationships, helping achieve the level of respect where IT is constantly sought to guide and assist in strategic settings.

A variable common to all areas of knowledge that is to be a leader, negotiator and good coach, you need to like what you do. Thus the challenges can be achieved.

The convergence of four major technology waves – Cloud Computing, Big Data, Business and Social mobility – have caused disruptions and consequently, opportunities and risks to the business and IT areas.

Adopting and efficiently managing these four waves will cause significant impact on managers and IT professionals. Two aspects stand out: governance and management of this new environment, and the critical need to rethink about the architecture of new systems that encompass these technological waves. In this post we will discuss the issue of the architecture of these new systems.

Current systems developed by the client-server paradigm, were not meant to consistently integrate features such as social business, mobility and Big Data, and were not designed to operate in the cloud environment. Understandable. Everything is very new. After all, the wave of mobility began to form with the success of the iPhone (released in 2007) and tablets (marked by the announcement of the iPad in 2009). Social business has been equated to Facebook and seen as just another marketing medium to relate to their customers, without worrying about the legacy of the corporation. Big Data was initially seen as a new name for Data Warehouse, or “do it now”, and Cloud Services emerged with great suspicion. Incidentally, the same as twenty years ago, a time in which it began to speak in client-server!

The current technological landscape is much different scenario  than years ago. The environment was the central ERP and everything revolved around it. Today continues the ERP based processing of transactional data, but serves only 30% to 40% of the information needs of an enterprise. The new systems must work seamlessly with the technology waves. That is, an interaction via social media, originating from a tablet generates a transaction of sale and disposal of stock, through an analysis, probably in real time, customer profile, to propose a promotional action of cross-selling.

This context leads to a service-based architecture (The term SOA may have gone up, but service-oriented applications are real and present demand) because the basic principles of this model (encapsulation, separation of duties, low coupling, etc.) allow you to develop applications with this level of integration with various technologies.

Well, Now The Problems Start…

First training:

After a period of splendor, where SOA was the symbol of fashion, the term fell into disuse and unfortunately today not all developers are able to develop applications that are truly SOA. Moreover, in recent years, the concentration of the training was the client-server model, coupled to the keyboard-mouse paradigm, therefore, is not an easy skill to get developers to develop new applications, touch-screen, integrated with social platforms and business acting with Big data technologies in real time, in a cloud environment.

Let’s discuss a little more about this architecture. The basic concept of the new systems will probably be “everything as a service” and will be a core application framework with APIs that allow users to develop new features. A simple example: why the screen of Internet banking has to be the same for all users? If access to basic resources are made via secure APIs, the bank will be responsible only for core systems (and possibly a default home page as default), leaving the interfaces being developed by other companies and by the users. The characteristics of this architecture are essentially SOA: high modularity, distributed services (services can be in clouds of various providers), low coupling, easy replacement services (typical model adopted by companies on the web that is always in beta mode, ie , constantly evolving services without impacting operating around).

One suggestion is to use as benchmarks for new systems not application templates that other companies in the industry use, but look at Internet companies and evaluate how they solve the challenge of being given huge amounts of data, constantly implementing new features and using APIs to foster an ecosystem of new applications created by other companies and their users.

Anyway, we are facing major changes that will affect the areas and IT professionals. The system architecture and software architects now have a major role. But they must be prepared for these changes!

The mobile connections are becoming the successor of dial-up, in the sense that they are available virtually anywhere, given even in the most remote areas where other methods of access are not available. They are also the joy of those who need a continuous connection anywhere to work or keep in touch with family and friends. The main driver for the popularity is the availability of 3G connections, which (at least in areas of good coverage) offer an option of bandwidth usage.

As in the case of GSM, which supports the use of GPRS and EDGE, UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) offers two access modes, which are used according to availability, reception quality and the mode supported by the device.

The most basic is the W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) (not to be confused with CDMA, which is the standard of the competing GSM), which offers transmission rates up to 384 kbits, both for download and for upload. Although, on paper, be close to the value offered by EDGE 236.8 kbits, in practice, the WCDMA offers much better latency times and a connection that is much more usable. A good example of the difference is the use of VoIP applications, which are almost unusable on EDGE, due to the lag in transmission, but flow satisfactorily in WCDMA.

Then HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access), a protocol that reduces latency and improves the download rate of the network significantly. Using HSDPA as the transport protocol, UMTS supports rates of 1.8, 3.6, 7.2 and 14.4 megabits, according to the implementation used by the carrier (version of 7.2 megabits is the most common). Naturally, the actual speed varies with the signal quality and the number of users connected to the same broadcast station, but it is always much higher than in WCDMA.

The major problem is that the HSDPA works well only relatively in short distances, reducing the transmission rate. Another limitation is that only HSDPA increases the download rate, without doing anything about the upload, which remains at the only 384 kbits, as well as WCDMA.

HSDPA is considered as a 3.5G protocol and (on most devices) you can check which system is being used simply by looking at the connection icon. A “3.5G” indicates that you are using HSDPA, a “3G” that is WCDMA in use, an “E” being used – EDGE and a “G” if you’re in an area where only the old GPRS is available.

On Mobile Phones, you will notice that the 3.5G icon only appears while the unit is transmitting data. That’s because it actually uses the HSDPA only while the connection is active. The rest of the time, it toggles back to WCDMA, to save energy, causing the icon back to “3G”.

A side effect of UMTS is that it brought back the issue of using different frequencies in different parts of the world. In the U.S., frequencies of 850 and 1900 MHz and in Europe it is900 and 2100 MHz, in India, 900 and 1800 MHz are used, in accordance with state and operator used.

Note that only the national version supports both frequencies used here. During the time of launch of mobile phones, many bought the European version (that supports the 2100 MHz band, but not the 850 MHz) only to find that they could not use it in conjunction with the 3G or in the various states where band of 850 MHz is used.

As you can see, it seems that the band of 1800 MHz predominate in India, it is not advisable to invest in equipment in the American version, which only support 850 and 1900 MHz. In the absence of a tri-band model, the best choice are the European versions (900 and 2100 MHz).

In addition to disrupt the lives of users, this confusion of frequencies is also not good for manufacturers, who are required to produce different versions of the same devices. This has led to an increase in the production of tri-band models, capable of operating at three frequencies (850/1900/2100MHz). They must become more common since the second generation of 3G handsets, solving the impasse.

As with ADSL and other forms of access, high rates of UMTS may be limited by operator according to plan. This allows increasing the number of subscribers supported within a given frame and adds the possibility to charge more by the planes faster.

In conclusion, HSUPA (also called EUL), an updated standard that complements the best download rates of HSDPA with improvements also upload rates, ranging from 730 kbps (on HSUPA category 1) up to 5.76 megabits according to the implementation. Why be just an extension of UMTS and not a new 3G standard, the investments required to migrate the networks are relatively small, since it only replace some equipment on the towers and resize the routing structure, without requiring the licensing of new tracks substitution frequencies or antennas.

HSUPA is already supported on a lot of devices. It is important to emphasize that the HSDPA and HSUPA are two standards that are complementary, not competing. HSDPA improves download rates compared to WCDMA, HSUPA improves while upload rates. According to the equipment used, operators can support both standards, offering much faster upload as download, or only support HSDPA.

In India, the only operator to have used HSUPA (in early 2002) was BPL (Now Known as Vodafone), and the service was localized only to Mumbai. And as there is so much demand for better upload rates as there is for faster downloads, most of the mobile service providers has started to offer the 3G services which has also helped to increase the use of cloud services like iCloud, Dropbox and eNlight on mobile devices.

The GPS or “Global Positioning System” is a system for calculating position from signals sent by a network of satellites.

The satellites orbit and the earth is in a geosynchronous orbit, at an altitude of 20.2 km, forming a constellation of satellites, so that at least 4 of them are visible from any point on the planet.

The satellites transmit a high-frequency signal containing information packets with precise time at which each is transmitted. Receivers pick up the signal and use a system of trilateration to compute the position, comparing the time difference between transmission and reception of each packet, thereby calculating the distance to each satellite. As you move, the distance from the satellites changes, generating a small difference in the time course, which is used to update the location.

The receiver gets signal from three satellites to calculate a position (latitude, longitude and altitude) and the signal from 4 satellites is also possible to calculate the altitude, providing the 3D view.

In space, the signal propagates at a speed close to the speed of light, so that it takes just a few fractions of a second to traverse the distance between satellite and receiver. Inside the atmosphere, the speed is a bit lower, since the ionosphere and atmosphere cause a slight delay in signal propagation in relation to the speed of light (a phenomenon dubbed by the ionospheric delay), a difference that is taken into account when calculating position.

As you can imagine, to make the system work, it is necessary to equip satellites with very accurate clocks, since a difference of a thousandth of a second would be enough to cause an error of almost 300 km in the position calculation. Even a small delay of only a microsecond would cause a deviation of 300 feet, which would not be acceptable.

An example of the accuracy of the system is that the satellites need to be adjusted in a few fractions of a second periodically to correct small deviations arising from the gravitational difference between the clocks on Earth and in space. As predicted by the law of relativity, clocks run ashore subtly slower than clocks in orbit, due to the difference in gravitational force to which they are exposed (the stronger the gravity, the clocks run more slowly), a difference of 45.9 microseconds per day, which would compromise the accuracy of the system if not corrected.

In the case of satellites, the solution is to use atomic clocks, which are combined with an elaborate system coordinated by adjusting ground stations. Of course, it would not be possible to use atomic clocks in the receivers too, so the designers developed a simple and ingenious solution: when turned on, the receiver synchronizes its clock with a satellite, just using the time included in the packages. This allows receivers to use quartz crystals (as used on motherboards and other electronics), which are cheap and accurate enough for the task.

Like many other technologies, the global positioning system arose purely for military purposes, but over time ended up being open for civilian use. Initially, the signal was deliberately degraded, which caused the error margin stayed above 100 meters. Only the military had access to the codes needed to correct the deviation and use the system with maximum precision.

The first GPS receivers were much simpler than today, they provided only the latitude and longitude position, the rest was on account of the user who needed to calculate the map. The next generation brought simplified maps, displayed in monochrome screens, but with the evolution of controllers and falling prices on color screens, flash memory and other components, they evolved rapidly, until the models we have today.

Current models match the location and coordinates with digital maps and 3D software that calculates the position on the map, offering directions and voice guidance. Although the signal emitted by GPS satellites is available to anyone wishing to use, the appliance manufacturers offer additional services such as traffic information (obtained using a data connection), updates the maps and so on, usually charging a monthly subscription or by annual subscription.

We can say that 25% of the cost of a GPS device is to match current basic circuits that compute and coordinates, the remaining 50% for hardware (processor, memory, screen, etc..) And the remaining 25% for the software and additional services.

With the miniaturization of components, it made sense to include GPS receivers in smartphones by leveraging the screen, processor, memory and other components. The first handsets with integrated GPS were very expensive, often costing more than buying a smartphone and a GPS separately. However, over time, prices have dropped to the point of passing the GPS add little to the final cost of the device and become standard in more expensive devices.

Although the screen is smaller and the set is often less convenient to use than an automotive GPS, the smartphone has an advantage, which is, you can always take your smartphone with you, avoiding the risk of theft by leaving the GPS inside the car. Even devices without GPS can play the role of browsers with the help of an external GPS receiver, connected via Bluetooth.

Further, there are differences between the different models of receivers. Initially, the main characteristic was the number of channels supported. The first supported only four channel receivers (the exact number necessary to calculate the 3D coordination) but already emerged models with 5, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 32 or even 54 channels, generating a race similar to the arms existed at the time of the multimedia kits.

The number of channels of the satellite receiver determines how it is able to simultaneously monitor. Most current models offers channels 12-20, which is more than sufficient, considering that most of the time, only nine or ten satellites are visible and only four are required to calculate the 3D position.

The spare channels allow the receiver to monitor the satellites and use them to calibrate the position, subtly improving accuracy. However, the “physical” limit is still the number of visible satellites, which currently is never more than 12 in any part of the world. Thus, from 12 channels, it no longer makes any difference whether the receiver supports 20, 32 or 500 channels, as only 12 will be used.

For anyone who has a smartphone without GPS, have the option of using a Bluetooth GPS receiver. They are also very compact, almost always smaller than an average cell phone:

They can be combined with a PC or notebook (you can use the GPS in conjunction with Google Earth software or other location), but the most common is to combine them with a smartphone that coordinates and handles other operations, running software with maps and giving directions. Everything is processed by the smartphone, from the coordinates calculated by the GPS receiver. Using one of these receptors and installing a navigation software, your smartphone will offer functions equivalent to a device with integrated GPS.

Although carrying a separate GPS receiver is uncomfortable, but they offer a great advantage, which is that they are independent. This allows you to keep the same receiver when changing device, different models with integrated GPS.

Back to the configuration, the first step is to make pairing between the smartphone and the receiver. As in the case of Bluetooth mice and keyboards, they use a passphrase fixed (“0000″ on many models), specified on a label or in the manual.

In general, smartphones utilize GPS antennas smaller and less sensitive and / or GPS chipsets built with fewer resources. To reduce the difference of sensitivity and allow the satellite fix is obtained quickly, even with the weakest reception, they use a hybrid system, A-GPS (Assisted GPS) satellites, where the signal is combined with the use of cellular triangulation and the use of a remote server, which provides information about the positioning of satellites (drastically reducing the time required to obtain the fix) and other information that facilitate the work of the receiver.

Of course, all information is transmitted using the cellular network, but the volume of data transferred is small, only a few kbytes per query.

Of course, the A-GPS is not perfect and is subject to various bugs and errors, which, combined with the use of traffic data, makes some choose to disable the feature. However, in most cases the balance is highly positive, since the A-GPS makes the use of GPS well as avoiding that you have to wait for several minutes to fix the satellites.

There are different GIS Solutions for commercial use and also free options like Google Maps.

Use your smartphone as a locator instead automotive GPS because it has its pros and cons. The big advantage is the fact that you have it always available, which means that you end up using in many situations otherwise would not have a GPS handy. Another advantage is the cost, since the price difference between a smartphone with GPS and without an equivalent (or a separate USB receiver) is much lower than the price of a full browser. A third advantage is the issue of software, since you can choose the smartphone as per your choice.

Previously, almost all communication was done via intercontinental satellite: telephone calls to TV signals, almost everything was received and sent through them. At the beginning of the Internet, satellite links were also very common, but the high cost, very high latency and low bandwidth eventually causing the satellite to lose the race for the fiber links. Today, satellites are used as links as backup and remote access option for remote areas, but more than 99% of traffic goes through intercontinental fiber links, which today involve 6 of the 7 continents, leaving out only Antarctica.

Transatlantic communication cables are not a new thing. In fact, in the late 19th century there was already a large mesh of telegraph cables linking Europe, USA, Africa, Asia and Oceania, most of them comes under the British Empire. At that time, copper wires were used and there were no repeaters, so that it was necessary to use a very high voltage on one side to obtain a weak and noisy signal of another. Throughout the 20th century several new cables were installed in order to meet the telephone companies, but it was only in recent decades that the transatlantic links gave a big leap, going to meet the Internet.

Although relatively thin (about 7 inches thick) submarine cables are built to be quite resilient. Beneath a thick layer of polystyrene (1) have a layer of mylar (2), multiple steel cables, designed to make the cable mechanically resistant (3), layers of aluminum and polycarbonate, which guarantee protection against water ( 4, 5), a copper tube (6) a gel layer (7) and finally the bundle of fiber, which are really important:

Besides the use of high quality fiber, the links include solid state optical repeaters, integrated to the cables at intervals of about 100 km. They relay the degraded signal, allowing links to be extended for thousands of miles. These repeaters are powered by energy that is transmitted through the cable itself, making ground stations are really necessary only at the points where you need to perform packet routing or integrating multiple links.

These cables are installed on the ocean floor at a cost of several billion dollars with a specialized vessels. The work is done in two stages, with the ship moving slowly and dumping the cable on the seabed and connected to an robotic installer digging a shallow grave on the ocean floor and burying the cable at the same speed. For signal degradation, the cable needs to be installed perfectly straight, which demands a particularly precise navigation.

Currently, it is possible to transmit 40 gigabits per fiber strand and each cable is composed of a large number of wire, taking the total capacity to transmit terabits of the house, according to the cable capacity and specific percentage of dark fiber ( fiber links that are not being used):

Submarine cables are complemented by the cables installed on land, which are usually installed along the roads or power transmission lines or gas, creating a fiber mesh that spans all major cities. Other modes of access such as ADSL, Cable, 3G etc.. these links are connected to fiber, enabling subscribers to gain access to large network.

Within the cables, the signal travels almost at the speed of light and even with the delay introduced by repeaters and routers along the way, you can get very good latency. Nowadays, you can get pings between Nasik Data Centers and London below 250 ms, which would be unthinkable in the early days.

Still, new cables are continually being installed, in order to increase capacity or reduce latency. A recent example is the new stretch linking the UK to Japan, passing through the Arctic Ocean north of Canada, at a total cost of more than $ 3 billion (for the installation of three cables, along with the control stations routers, etc..) in an effort to reduce the latency of transmissions between the UK and Asia.

In my childhood (in the late 80s), the dream of children was mostly toys, who was at the time (or just before) should remember the options like GI Joe and Hot Wheels. Toward the end of the 80s, a revolution was announced. The United States and Japan had the first generation here loomed: electronic toys, computers and video games that worked more accurately.

The wealthy could gift their kids with firecrackers technology as the Atari 2600 (complete success), MSX (computer used as video game), TK-85 (another computer used to play). Only this time the percentage of people who owned one of these machines was so small that it was only restricted to the rich cousin of most children. Those who had the first personal computers that I cited as the TK-85 and MSX (Expert of the gradient was most famous around here) and actually used it as computer had a large base of programming, because these computers had to be programmed if needed to do something, the language was Basic, many of today are the leaders, because with the basic logic of programming that had, were far ahead of those who were only using the software.

With the popularization of computers during the 90s and hence the standard IBM-PC computers were abandoned and Windows machines took over the scene, many people acquired computers during the 90s, from 1995 the most common configuration were 486 DX-2 66 MHz with 8 MB of RAM and Windows 95. Since 1997 the Pentium took the stage, but still running Windows 95 (note that I’m talking about the popularity of them in homes and businesses that had not the year of release, remember that India was slower if compared with the technology that it has today). But it was still something for the higher class, which at the time was only 05 or 10 percent of the population, and even those who had a PC in these settings were not willing to leave their small children to be having fun with the equipment.

The scenery changed from the 2000s the computer has become almost mandatory in homes of Indians, cheap machines, and economic stability installment of sight meant that much of the population obtain their computer with reducing costs of both equipment maintenance as it meant that children then (from the 2000s) began to use the computer as a tool for entertainment, and even more because of what their parents most often do not know how to use the computer and all their resources and then allow their children to use the machine (like 80s VCRs, adults picked to program the devices to record the programs themselves, while children did with most ease). Not to mention that when you see the children using the computer mostly to play, parents felt they had at home a little genius and encouraged further use of the equipment by small miracle.

Even with the creation of the internet providers since 2000, around the same time providers have emerged offering the service, gave the kids their first contact with a large network which also culminated in the popularization of chat rooms and Messenger. As the parents of this gang were unable to connect the right computer, computer use was almost unrestricted, restricted only by the internet connection that due to the cost of telephone pulses (at the time linking all was still using dial-up internet on weekdays from 00:00 and Saturdays from 14:00). Once logged in we could access whatever we wanted, because the vast majority of people hardly knew what internet was and what it could provide even then the kids used in everything they could. When in 2005 the social networking site Orkut has had its version available in India, the thing unraveled: the Indians immediately joined the novelty (of course, all it takes very little time) and with it, brought many problems for those who used sites without restriction and chat and relationship and were contacted by malicious individuals or groups.

But we still have the problem with the education of these children, many of them grown using the computer as a unique form of entertainment, sitting in the front of the device for hours either playing or surfing the internet and excluding the interaction with the outside world, including not participating in activities of social-cultural and educational activities sponsored by the school at times in favor of staying at home or even in popular lanhouses, snooping profiles of others on websites like Facebook or by sending thousands of messages without usefulness to others known by the same virtual sites. Sometimes switches to a game in which they devotes several hours, or is making downloads of programs and music sites, but cannot find anything useful out of the virtual environment. Education and health professionals warn parents of the dangers of a life away from the real world, a child brought up this way (on the computer) can even generate fewer worries seen not want to leave the house for anything, but on the other hand will have serious behavioral problems, social and even physical because of the lack of mobility generated by this type of behavior.

Throughout my life, I have seen several examples that showed me the problems of children who have a life focused on using the computer without any restriction. Children who had not had computer or using the one that is controlled by parents, had much greater integration both with teachers and with the classmates, discussed their opinions and were developing so much faster and more stable than children who claimed to use the computer a lot. The parents who allowed the use of the computer without any restriction, had excellent performance in computer classes, but did not communicate clearly, did not have many friends or sometimes none, had learning difficulties and not focusing on what was taught, did not like to participate in group play, showed poor acceptance by being reprimanded in case of doing something wrong.

In conclusion, what in the early 90′s showed up as the future has arrived and can now be considered including past personal computers are no longer just a reality and today are as common as something ignored by luxury, is ranked alongside the powerful television as essential in homes.

The television comes even losing too much space between youth: on television you are forced to watch what the broadcaster wants and when they wants, on the Internet it is different. You, the user, sees what you wants and how you wants and when you wants. Besides not having the regulator, not the owner nor control the youth of today have gotten used to it, now prefers to be without running out of internet television. The young lives connected, accustomed to not wait for anything, and having information at all times.

We are living in India, maybe the second computer revolution, where mobile phones are taking over the computing and Internet access. Besides we can access what we want, when we want, the way we want to still be able to do it anywhere, whether at home, at work, at school or on the street … We just have to be vigilant with children, and the influence of this in their education, but we have a society formed by millions of people connected by the internet, but separated by technology …