The traditional business applications are always very complicated and expensive, to the point that needs of hardware and software necessary for their implementation are such that it cannot be met. Moreover, the complexity of some software platforms requires specially trained personnel for installation, configuration, testing, implementation and upgrade. The costs to support this complexity can be unaffordable for small and medium enterprises.

On the other hand, companies need to use their own resources, and safety, and also the need to use an experimental platform hardware or software, or proprietary, and thus cannot be shared with other companies, can make all the infrastructure necessary to take network under control and did not entrust the management of external services, not always easy to monitor. Thus the need to understand the distinction between Cloud Services and data center colocation was born, and where to start and finish each others advantages and disadvantages, in order to make the choice to be the best compromise between cost, quality of service, and real needs of end users.

Cloud Services

The term Cloud Services came with bullying in recent years in most discussion related to the computer world, becoming the main actor, without that most of the experts know what it is.

We have a lot of  articles on our blog that explains a lot of things related to Cloud Services and all types attached to it.

The term Cloud Services is a set of technologies that allow the use of hardware resources such as CPUs and disks, or software distributed in remote, in other words: the ability to access services and data via internet without any information infrastructure that keeps them and makes them work.

Cloud Services allows you to do all the traditional activities that concern the use of a PC, except that the software is no longer performed locally, for example, to open a text document, instead of clicking the icon editor and making the modifications we will click on browser and enter a web address from which a text editor application can be used. The same operating system, desktop, folders and files will be displayed and used as if they were on local pc, but this is only an abstraction of reality, as it will be installed in a physically secure location, remote, within a set of infrastructure, data center, equipped with high-performance servers that store the data.

Typically, the graphical representations of the Internet, represent the network as a cloud they are attached to individual host or service provider. Cloud Services is what is in the cloud, without the end user, who needs to know how it is actually structured.

Cloud computing, in technical terms, is then offered as a series of virtual machines that allow you to spread the load and balance the resources between them, being able to add resources only when these are necessary. The cloud of ESDS for example, allows the creation of virtual instances on demand, only when these are really necessary, and this approach has led to a number of uses that favor cloud services for online high-traffic area, with sudden bursts of Use .

Pros And Cons Of Cloud Computing

• Architecture of this type has advantages such as lower costs, as software in the cloud “significantly reduces the investment to do than buying licenses to install the software locally;
• lower support costs, since the update to the latest release is without a dedicated IT department maintains, updates and installing new software;
• reduced risks relating to bugs and attacks, as data security becomes an issue of the hosting provider;
• access to services at any time, any place, without the need to carry, portable devices such as smart phones, tablet, XPAD, or removable storage;
• The advantages are obvious, but at the same time, the adoption of such a technological solution for the end user has disadvantages that must be taken into account.

Access to the cloud is online and you need a reliable and fast connection, and one that also includes a subscription, and then the choice of provider must be made with caution, as the provider will be responsible indirectly for the productivity of their employment and security of their data. A situation of failure of network access, or inaccessibility of the provider, can lead to loss of use of services, and lack of access to their data remotely, resulting in suspension of work activities, having moved all in remote, we have no control over what happens, I can actually know how data will be processed, or whether they will be used without consent and notice. A secure solution would be the replication of some services, and all the data locally, with the consequent need for periodic synchronization and increased costs.

Cloud infrastructure solutions are also always shared , in terms of resources, which means that the user may incur risks of sharing data with other users or to share the same problems that plague the entire platform.

Usually the Cloud Services provide for contracts with very few fixed costs, most of the billing service is on-demand, when the customer starts using the service and creates the first instances in the cloud: the same storage happens, in optical cloud, this is billed according to consumption, and the customer should not purchase a cut of space, as it is the case for a normal server.

Colocation And Dedicated Server Rental

The colocation service allows you to locate one or more servers, network devices, or storage of customer property in a single data center, their dense structures and spaces of the same way as a hotel room for people, these devices are also hosted a variety of related service provider (network and telecommunications), with a reduced cost and complexity for end users. A colocation center is a special type of data center and systems are placed inside a standard rack cabinet in the structures used by the provider.

The co-location provides an effective and safe way to host services with related equipment. The server is owned by the customer, but it is also possible to rent a server from the colocation service provider. The installation, setup and maintenance are charged to the customer, who has a difference of architecture cloud control hardware and software, and can be accessed in a manner similar to how you access a website.

• Colocation solutions are offered either in a shared environment, mostly, and the provider takes care of backup and disaster recovery solutions in demanding environments for providing electricity for environmental systems and levels of physical security. A colocation provider usually provides:
• space, with different sizes and slot within the rack;
• bandwidth, dedicated or shared;
• power, which can be single or redundant with remote control;
• Access to and support during office hours, access and support H24, H24, or with access badges;
• IP addresses, IPv4 and / or IPv6;
• any managed care services, with the support of technical staff in the data center, either locally or remotely;

In the final analysis, particular attention in selecting the data center should be given, since it must represent the structure and the ideal environment to host the server , observing certain requirements in order to provide suitable infrastructure for companies that need a customized solution for the implementation of web-based services, and that in particular need to use proprietary hardware.

The colocation and dedicated server rental solutions are still preferred by customers who want to maintain complete control over their data, preventing external access or problems to the whole cloud, could endanger their services. This is especially true in business environments where process information is critical, especially in the context of Public Administration, where it is unthinkable to entrust their data to an external manager.

Cloud Services And Your Server Colocation

What can be the Cloud Services management with respect to a colocation data center, and vice versa, what are advantages and disadvantages.

Much depends on the kind of vision we have for the business, and also how you will organize it. Many companies are wary of Cloud Services, because of its “without control” structure, and therefore it is strictly linked to the impossibility of having specific well-defined and clear architecture of cloud. But this happens particularly for large companies, which in principle have the economic resources to cope with the investment in a complex IT infrastructure, efficient and scalable.

Small businesses that may require large computational resources are faced with the problem of costs, and therefore are more likely to accept a cloud solution.

If your company has financial resources to invest in the IT department, which is always less likely in view of the crisis still exists, Cloud Services may be a test solution, but nothing more, in case you should have the resources to invest in IT Infrastructure, using the co-location, to overcome problems of space and maintenance of the physical server environments.

Cloud Services, and its continued evolution is certainly a desirable solution for companies that have few resources to invest in the architecture of the network and are willing to greater flexibility , especially in the context of a service due to connection problems, the provider network may degrade.

The colocation is suitable for companies who need to expand their hardware without losing the current level of security, and this is an effective way for companies to manage the company’s software securely from anywhere in the world.

To be more specific, the world of online services, from web hosting to the online applications, can greatly benefit from Cloud Services, especially if you do not want to initially invest in the purchase of their hardware resources: however, this has a negative return in terms of customization, often Cloud Services environments, totally virtual and dispersed data centers abroad, do not allow for action at all levels of its infrastructure, so they cannot meet the demands of some customers.

The choice of a Cloud Services service, in this context, it is preferable when you are faced with resource consumption variables from month to month, with the need to make available its online service to thousands of people, in a few days, and with a zero investment in terms of hardware.

The co-location, as well as direct hire dedicated servers, is now the leading solution for those who must maintain tight control over their data: this also means the ability to create own private cloud, in order to enjoy the benefits of maintaining cloud however, control over infrastructure.

There are six things that underpin any hosting provider: Server, Control Panel, Domains, Accounts, Support, Legal Organization. Now I will tell you the main options.

Four options:

Reselling - Cheap, no need to deal with configuring the server. But you are dependent on the upstream host more than in other cases. Everywhere, except cPanel cannot create sub-resellers (I do not envy these clients).

VDS or Virtual Dedicated Server - You need to deal with configuring the server, full freedom to choose how and what to do. If something will break, will have to correct ourselves. In addition, there is little dependence on the owner of VDS-node.

Dedicated Server Rental - Same advantages as for the VDS, but if something goes wrong, you cannot reload or quickly rearrange. Sometimes, however, provide a reboot-panel. The cost depends heavily on the country.

Dedicated Server Colocation – Virtually the same as the previous one, but cheaper fee per month, you can quickly pick up and put in another place.

Just need to make a selection panel.

cPanel - The Monster, there are many functions that have cast a lot and sometimes make little sense. Expensive, requires 512 MB of RAM for VDS. If the client finds it a more or less convenient, it requires the administrator and reseller every time to search function. Not bad for working over SSH.

DirectAdmin - Looks good, functions conveniently and logically structured. Do not have all the functions supported by cpanel and slightly fewer billing panel.

The panel is better to take from one who has place a server, because the internal licensed much cheaper.

Domains

Sooner or later the client wants to register you with the hosting domain. There are many registrars who offer reseller program. Now the situation has changed, so I cannot say anything.

Billing

There are several systems, but my favorite is:

WHMCS - Great stuff, but expensive. If you do not think about high price – you can take.

Support

• E-mail – simple, cheap, uncomfortable.
• Ticket – Support that will process incoming messages and convert them into tickets, which may respond to any employee. There are free and paid, as some write a review. Some have built-in billing.
• Live-chat – employee sits in a web application or program for computer. When a customer clicks on the site, he may consult with the employee. On serious issues still usually sent by e-mail.

Form of business

Legal entity with a license – Expensive and painful way. The server should only be Dedicated and only in India. You also need to draw up a communication center. Taken together, takes about six months and 100 thousand in the firm.

Under the contract – may conclude a partnership agreement with larger firm. They have a license, and you sell their hosting. So I was not interested, frankly, so cannot say anything.

Here, it seems, is all.

What are Data Centers ?

Data Centers are a form of value-added service that offers resources for processing and storing data on a large scale for organizations of any size and even professionals may have at hand a structure of great power and flexibility, high security, and also qualified in terms of hardware and software to process and store information.

Currently we can define two main categories of data centers:

A. Private Data Center (PDC)
B. Internet Data Center (DC)

A PDC is owned and operated by private corporations, institutions or government agencies with the primary purpose of storing data resulting from processing operations, procedure and also in applications related to the Internet. Furthermore, an DC is usually owned and operated by a provider of telecommunications services by operators of commercial telephony or other types of providers of telecommunications services. Its main objective is to provide various types of connection services, web hosting and equipment users. Services can range from long distance communications, Internet access, content storage, etc.

Services Offered in a Data Center :

Co-location Services: The client hires the racks of physical space and infrastructure for energy and telecommunication, but the servers, systems, management, monitoring and technical support are provided by the client. This relationship can be relaxed and it is customary to establish a contract with the terms and conditions, clearly defining the scope of services of each side. Telecommunications equipment includes.

Benefits For Your Company:

• Security;
• Speed of service;
• Support;
• Expert advice.

Basic service is included in a colocation package of basic services for the operation of equipment at no extra cost and maintaining the standard throughout the Data Center.

The Services Offered Are:

• Proactive monitoring and notification;
• DNS server (Domain Name Server) primary and secondary education;
• Technical support 24 x 7 x 365;
• Security building;
• Service reset (on / off equipment);
• Monitoring network;
• Redundant infrastructure;
• Hall of incubation (unpacking and setting)

Additional Services:

Hiring server colocation, customers receive a range of services. But it can also implement your purchase with options that will provide it with the most comprehensive range of services that a company can receive in colocation.

The client will have:

• Connectivity;
• Provision of access and bandwidth for Internet connection and the external network;
• Room for shared customers;
• cafe customers exclusive;
• IP addressing.

This service is dedicated to businesses that need high-quality infrastructure, connectivity between offices and / or the internet. This service is sold in square meters, cages (cages) or half rack and connections (IP, Internet, frame relay, ATM, etc.). From 64 Kbps.

Hosting:

Hosting offers a range of services suitable for companies wishing to leverage investment in hardware and software. Hosting service allows the customer to use the infrastructure of the data center and edge servers, and rely on highly qualified professionals who offer ongoing support to the customer.

The customer has the option of choosing equipment and software packages tailored according to the needs of business. Everything is custom designed and built to offer the best solution for each client. Thus, it guarantees the purchase of products that your company needs, allowing the client to fully dedicate the actions to focus on their core business.

The allocation of physical space in a rack and the amount available for equipment are calculated according to the defined configuration of servers and equipment hosting. All with the advantage of your company can set the bandwidth.

Customer Benefits:

• Economics of investment in fixed assets;
• Servers of art;
• Constant updating of software / hardware;
• Know-how in technology;
• Speed of service;
• Reliability of services rendered;
• Security;
• Installation of high standard.

Basic Services:

Using a hosting service, optimizes customer investments in hardware and software with exclusive use of the latest generation of dedicated servers. Services that are essential for the functioning of the equipment are made available without additional cost and with high standards of our Data Center.

These Include:

• Capacity planning and network server;
• IDS (Intrusion Detection);
• Proactive monitoring and notification;
• Availability of IP address;
• Issue report online;
• Server to relay e-mail;
• DNS server (Domain Name Server) primary and secondary education;
• Technical support 24 x 7 x 365,
• Help Desk;
• Security building;
• Service reset (on / off equipment);
• Ensuring maintenance of logical security of the operating system;
• Full operation of the server until the operating system level;
• Incremental backup.
• Additional space structure in SAN (Storage Area Network);
• Traffic Gbytes per additional months;
• Additional space on internal disk
• Additional memory;
• Raid 1 / 5, with the possibility of protection service to the internal hard drive through replication of data between disks;
• Accounts of additional e-mails;
• Connectivity.

One aspect that must be observed in hiring a service of Data Center, is the type of access (co-location) that the user will have from the server service provider. The type of access will be defined by which the server will be accessed if necessary.

If the co-location is hired, the access is done by employees of the provider, locally. If the co-location is remote, access is done through remote control software that will be chosen by the user. In this case the application is installed on the remote access server by staff of the service provider. Eventually one or more tools may need maintenance or there may be a need to install new applications. In such cases, the user must request the service provider to arrange whatever is necessary for the operation. While hosting the server, the user signs a term stating the legality of all software installed on your server.

One can observe that through co-location (location of a server’s unique user, installed and operated in the structure of the provider), the user can benefit from a range of resources. A co-location provides high scalability, ie in case of a need for expansion of services or equipment, it can be done immediately, monitored 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (24X7), backup, optimization of costs operation and maintenance, network with high availability and load balancing.

1. Location

The choice of location for deployment of the DC should be made taking into account the region, consistent with the Code of the City zoning, land size, easy access for delivery of equipment, high areas without flooding, existence of infrastructure basic sanitation, water, telephone and electricity.

Criteria For Site Selection:

• Being close to points of presence to access networks of optical fiber enabling the connection of two different trunks.
• Availability of energy with the possibility of obtaining two power inputs
• Scalability, to allow increased building area over time.

2. Architecture

The Main Components Of On DC Areas Are: Social Hall, And Meeting Rooms To Receive Visitors.

Administrative Area:

• Operation, maintenance and storage of equipment.
• Living room equipment including servers for hosting and co-location and telecommunications room.
• cafe equipment segments electricity and air conditioning.
• Group Moto generator and fuel tank typically located in an area outside the DC.

The Goal Of Space Planning Is:

• Have facilities with 60% of the total area devoted to the room of Data Center Equipment.
• Promote the “state of the art” premises since the operating system to the level of management of the database.
• Promote facility that reflects the image of a high-tech enterprise, business-risk high-yield investments, functionality and control.

DC is usually divided into three areas of physical security in increasing order of restriction of access:

Zone I: Public areas including the Lobby, the area for visitors and administrative areas.
Zone II: Areas of DC Operation.
Zone III: Equipment rooms, the heart of the DC, where the servers are located, the “shaft” of cables, power distribution units (PDUs), batteries and air conditioning machines.

3. Construction

The construction should provide a solid structure composing secure facilities that complement and protect equipment and information residing in the DC.

Electricity: The Electrical segment consists of the Uninterrupted Power System (UPS), the Emergency Power System and Power Distribution Units (PDU).

The uninterrupted power system (UPS) has the function of providing energy for all data center equipment, including safety equipment and fire detection and alarm. It consists of sets of compounds by UPS batteries, rectifiers and inverters. These UPSs, redundant, connected in parallel, ensure a continuous supply of power even in case of failure of power transformers, power input or a set of UPS.

The banks of batteries are sized to feed the loads for a period of 15 minutes. This time is sufficient for starting and connection of diesel generators in case of power failure of the Concessionaire.

The power system consists of a group emergency diesel generator which will come into operation and connect to the electrical system of the DC automatically.

Generators are rated to withstand all the loads necessary for the operation of the Equipment Data Center during a power failure of the Concessionaire. The goal is to assist the operation 24 hours x 7 days a week, considering the conditions for preventive maintenance, adding new components and replacement operation after unplanned outages.

The power distribution units (PDU) are responsible for conditioning the signal to feed multiple devices at DC.

4. Air conditioning

The segment of Air Conditioning has the function of maintaining a controlled temperature and humidity in the premises of DC. The segment includes the air conditioning system for cooling units and air handling system Distribution of Air Conditioning. It should be connected to emergency power generators.

The Cooling System to provide heating, cooling, humidification and de-humidification of the building.

The Air Treatment System must be separated into three types of area: Room Facilities: Data Center, area offices, equipment rooms Air Conditioning and Electrical. The separation is due to differences in sensible heat and latent heat of each area the conditions of temperature and humidity.

The Distribution System of Air Conditioning Equipment Room to the Data Center will use the system to supply air for the full set beneath the raised floor. This system involves inflating the raised floor at a minimum height of 60 cm., That depending on the amount of conduit, tubing, mats, etc., should have its height adjusted so as to allow air to circulate throughout the room Data Center. The goal is to operate 24 hours a day 7 days a week.

An adequate cooling is essential to maintaining performance and safety of operation of data center services.

A Data Center must ensure that the internal temperature in the areas of production varies by at most 1 ° C. For this, we have:

• Structures cooling N +1, ie for each equipment functioning, there is another reserve (ready to use);
• Modular refrigeration and air exchange;
• Scalability according to demand.

5. Fire Protection System

The Data Center is a facility for electronics essentials such as servers and other types of computers and telecommunications equipment. In addition to meeting standards of the local fire department, the fire protection system should seek to avoid damage to the equipment in case of fire.

One of the best solutions for the firefighting equipment rooms is a combination of the Combat System with Pre Action Sprinkler (with dry pipe) above the raised floor system and Fire Fighting for Gas FM 200 below the raised floor.

The combat system with gas will be connected to a sensitive detection system and be the first to be fired. The gas is spread throughout the area, leaving no residue to damage sensitive equipment or to order a cleanup cost of the equipment.

The system of pre-action when triggered triggers the discharge of water only in the sprinklers that have been operated by heat over the fire.

6. Supervision and Control System

The control and supervision system continuously monitors the various segments of DC tracking items such as:

• Control of loading and parallelism of the generating sets
• Supervision and control of medium voltage panels
• Supervision and control panels for low-voltage
• Integration with system of generators
• Integration with system rectifiers

The system consists of computers with the latest technology capable of withstanding continuous use, appropriate systems for supervision and control. The same are redundant to each other, allowing high flexibility and performance system.

The DC also has a system of closed circuit television and access control that controls the entry and exit in various rooms and areas of physical security at DC.

7. Data Center Building Standards

Important factor of a Data Center, is to implement and maintain methods of standard implementations of structured cabling seeking possible expansions, certification and ensuring safety and maximum use of the network.

Regarding the standards used, we can highlight the norms created by EIA / TIA (Electronic Industries Association / Telecommunications Industry Association) or ISO / IEC (International Standards Organization / International Electro-technical Commission called ISO / IEC 11801, equivalent to the EIA / TIA reprinted by ISO 568A).

7.1: TIA / EIA TSB 67 Standards

Transmission Performance Specifications for Field Testing of UTP cabling Cat5 (UTP end-to-end Performance Testing System) aiming system of Telecommunications (Telecommunications System Bulletin – TSB) is directed to test specifications for post-installation performance, the specifications include characteristics of field testers, test methods and minimum transmission requirements for UTP cabling systems. It cites factors affecting performance as the characteristics of cable, connecting hardware, patch cords and the cross-connect as well as total number of connections and the quality of the installation. The TIA / EIA TSB-67 refers to two test configurations:

a) Setting up the basic test of link (Basic Link test configuration): The basic test of link is used to check the performance of the cable permanently installed.

This Test Includes The Following Components:

• Up to 90m maximum horizontal cabling: cable includes a telecommunications closet (TC) to a consolidation point and the optional consolidation point to the outlet (cabinet) telecommunications. From one extreme to another on a horizontal cable connection.
• Up to 2m coord (string) to test the main tester for field connection to the site.
• Up to 2m coord test the remote connection to the remote unit of the field tester.

There Are Four Test Parameters In Each Link:

• Mapping (Map Wire) – Consists of 8 confirms the continuity of drivers end-to-end. Indicating possible pairs of short (shorts Between pairs), crossed pairs (crossed pairs), pairs Reverse (reversed pairs) and pairs spliced (split pairs).
• Length (Length) – Method of measuring the length of the cable by electrical means.
• Attenuation (Attenuation) – Method used in measuring the signal loss in the primary channel or link.
• NEXT – Measuring the amount of signal interference issue in a couple others. It is tested on all the endpoints of the link (endpoints, local and remote).

b) Channel Configuration Test

The test channel is used to verify the performance of the channel entirely. The channel has the following components:

• Up to a maximum of 90m of horizontal cable including the cable between the TC and a consolidation point (optional) and the consolidation point to the outlet (cabinet) telecommunications.
• Coord (umbilical connection machine or equipment) from the desktop.
• Cross-connections in telecommunications closets being made through or patch cable mapping coord.
• The total length coords, patch cords and cables and mapping coords area.

7.2: TIA / EIA TSB 72 Standard

Guidelines Centralized Fiber Optic Cabling (Centralized Optical Fiber Cabling). The TSB-72 was created to help in planning a cabling system fiber-to-the-desk (FTTD) from 62.5/125mm, using centralized electronics unlike the traditional method of distribution of equipment to individual floors to extend the connections from the desktop for cross-connect implementation. Use an interconnection between the horizontal and backbone cabling allows for better flexibility, ease of management and can easily migrate to the cross-connection.

But you must have the maximum length of 90m in horizontal cabling. The distance from the horizontal cabling and backbone combined with the coords of the desktop, patch cords and equipment shall not exceed more than 300m.

The centralized cabling system shall be located within the same building working areas to be served. All displacement and change in activity should be performed at main cross-connect. Horizontal link should be added and removed in the TR. This must be a project of the cabling system enabling the migration to centralized mode pull-through, interconnect or amendment to an implementation of cross-connect. As a method to facilitate this migration, there must be within the scope of the project is having enough space in the TR allowing future growth and provision of additional patch panels and appropriate slacks that allow possible shifts in the cables of cable to the local cross-connect.

This slack can be stored without cables or fiber connectors. To fill the gap it has to prevent the maximum radius for curves in the cables are not violated thereby avoiding possible damage in optical fibers and others. The slack in cables can be stored indoor or on the walls of the telecommunications room, but should use boxes to protect slack optical fibers, due to their limitations and specifications.

With respect to the backbone, they are providing future horizontal links, this minimizes the need for placement of additional backbone cables. The fiber backbone must be capable of supporting current and future networking technologies, and require two fibers for each connection on the desktop.

The standard is required to use the following rules for labeling ANSI/TIA/EIA-606 cabling system centralized ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A to ensure proper polarity of the fiber and connector specifications and methods of implementing connectorization guidance to the desktop AB and BA direction in the central cross-connect.

7.3: TIA / EIA TSB 75 Standard

Additional Horizontal Cabling Practices for Zones (Additional Horizontal Cabling Practices for Open Offices) methodology to meet modular office environments increasing flexibility and reducing costs are discriminated as follows:

1. Horizontal Cabling reference to Open Offices (Horizontal Cabling for Open Offices). A termination point horizontal (telecommunications room multi-use) and a point of interconnection or horizontal intermediate (consolidation point) thus creating greater flexibility in open office layouts with modular furniture, where you have frequent changes. The telecommunications room multi-use (MUTO) and the consolidation point should be in a fully accessible, permanent location.

2. Cabinet Telecommunications Multi-Use (MUTO – Multi-User Telecommunications Outlet Assembly) The Cabinet telecommunications multi-use (MUTO) has the function to terminate point for horizontal cabling, consisting of multiple telecommunications closets on the same site. The modular coordinate extends from MUTO terminal equipment without additional intermediate connections. This configuration allows the moving of office plant without affecting the horizontal cabling, followed by the following criteria:

• Can not be installed on the ceiling.
• The maximum length of modular coords should be 20m.
• The modular coordinate MUTO connecting the terminal equipment must be labeled at both ends with a unique identifier.

Should be identified with the coordinate patch of greater length of the work area (modular cord). The length of this coordinate is calculated by formula:

C = (102 – H) / 1.2
W = C – 7 (The length of the cables, work areas may not exceed 20 m)

Where:

C = is the maximum combined length of cable that connects the user equipment to the telecommunications outlet, over the cable that connects the equipment in the telecommunications closet and cable that connects the patch panels;
W = is the length of the work area;
H = is the length of horizontal cable.

If you are already using fiber optic cables, you can use any footage from the horizontal cables, desktop and cabinet telecommunication, keeping in mind that the total length should not exceed more than 100m. When the optic cabling is centralized, one should follow the guidance of the TIA / EIA TSB 72.

3. Consolidation Point : It is the point of interconnection within the horizontal cabling actually performs a direct connection (straight-through) intermediate between horizontal cabling and cross-connect based on the horizontal cabling that goes to one or the MUTO telecommunications room on the desktop. There should be no cross connections between the cables and you should follow these guidelines:

• Ensure that the total distance of the channel in any way beyond a distance of 100 meters.
• Ensure the fixing of the cables without violating the specifications and characteristics of each material complies with the requirements of minimum radius of curvature.
• Ensure that the consolidation point is at least 15m away from the telecommunications room, avoiding the additional NEXT due to the resonance of the multiple connections link near the cupboard.

7.4: ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A Standard

Norm that characterizes the minimum specifications for structured cabling, classifying the components of the installation structure as follows:

1. Ease of entry (Entrance facility): Involves the ease of entry of cables, connecting hardware, protection devices and other equipment required for the building. The equipment inside the room can be used for connections to public or private networks.

2. Main cross-connect (Main cross-connect): The Hall of telecommunications equipment may have the same location of the main cross-connect. Cabling techniques that apply to telecommunications closets (TC) also apply to equipment rooms.

3. Distribution Backbone (Backbone distribution) Interconnection between telecommunications closets, equipment rooms, and may be involved cables, cross-connects (main and intermediate) terminations, jumpers or patch coords for connections:

• There are guidelines to provide the maximum amount of life of at least 10 years to cables supported.
• Assume the distribution system of star topology and can be connected to a main cross-connect, intermediate or other main connection, but you must be careful not to have more than two tiered levels of main cross-connect.
• The recommended approach is to use one of the following features of connections among them, 100MHz UTP, STP-A DE 150MHz, Optical fiber cable 62.5/125 m, singlemode fiber optic cable or coaxial cable 50W (recognized but not recommended for new installations).
• To make the choice of cabling to be used, there must be criteria for selection of the media depending on their characteristics such as flexibility (considering the supported services), life size and the location and quantity to be used.
• The recommendation of maximum distance from the backbone is also a very important factor for the choice of cabling.

4. Horizontal cross-connect is the name that refers to telecommunications closets (Telecommunications closet functions) which is to hardware in the connection of all horizontal cabling, intermediate cross-connections or even the cable of the backbone .

The cross-connections and interconnections can be said of connections between horizontal and backbone cabling or equipment connecting integrated circuits (hardware).

5. Horizontal distribution is part of the cabling system that connects the wiring from the desktop to the horizontal cross-connect in the TR, the horizontal cabling can find outlets for telecommunications in the area of employment, terminations and patch coords and jumpers in the TR. The horizontal distribution also possesses some important factors such as:

• General Guidelines Project (General design guidelines): It has a target to meet the current specifications, thus facilitating the maintenance and replacements also considering the possibility of future equipment installations and changes in service since the horizontal cabling is the least accessible and is the subject to most of the activity of an implementation.
• Topology (Topology): The horizontal distribution system must have the standard star topology where the points of desktop wiring must be connected in a horizontal cross-connect to the telecommunications room located on the same floor of the desktop.
• Distances : The system must meet the average distance of 90m corresponding to the total length of the cable (leaving the work area to the cross-connect in the TR) is allowed where it should not be more than 10m in length for each path of coord area of work, jumping and equipment, but should not exceed 3m in length for path coords and jumpers that are used to connect equipment or the horizontal cabling backbone.
• Media recognition of horizontal distribution : You can use the 4-pair UTP 100MHz cable, STP-A 150MHz 2-pair cable or fiber optic 62.5 / 125 m (two fibers) as there are types of cabling for horizontal distribution according to the recommendation of the standards, but there are some observations:

- Coaxial cable although recognized, is not recommended for new installations.

- Hybrid cables (multiple types of media wrapped on the same cable) can be used if each type of media meet with the requirements of transmission and color specifications for this cable is also necessary to make the distinction of UTP multipair.

• Criteria for selection of media (Media selection criteria): For the desktop, it will have to be equipped with at least two telecommunications closets and we could be associated with voice and other data for the first aims must be 4-pair UTP cable 100W category 3 or greater, and for the second 4-pair UTP 100MHz, Category 5, STP-A cable 2 pairs 150MHz or two fiber optic cable, 62.5 / 125 m •.

6. Work area (Work area) are defined as components of the landscape of work, ranging from cabins or telecommunications closets using 4-pair UTP cable with up to 3m long coords. The desktop is just a reference to the standard since it is quite variable and usually are never permanent and changing.

7.5: ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A Standard

A major network cabling standards focusing on the specifications of infrastructure, structured cabling, providing specifications and project management for all building facilities. Identifying six infrastructure components: ease of entry, equipment rooms, backbone routes, provision of telecommunications closets, horizontal routes and work areas.

1. Ease of Entry (Entrance Facility): It is defined by ease of entry into building or backbone of telecommunications services, and may contain devices interface with public networks. Necessarily the place to be dry and close to the vertical backbone routes.

2. Room Equipment (Equipment Room): room whose space is intended to centralized location of equipment common to the employees, their location and design must be considered for the possibility of an increase in equipment and in its accessibility.

3. General Design Considerations : Cafe equipment tends to be a centralized space for housing telecommunications equipment (PBX’s, servers, routers, among others) of a building, being located near the route of the backbone. Its size has a minimum of 14m ², but to suit the characteristics of specific equipment, there is a need to make to make a project allowing a non-uniform occupation of the building, providing 0.07m in the equipment room space for every 10m usable floor space. If the equipment room is being designed to move, verify that the capacity of the floor will bear the weight of equipment to be installed and check for interference, vibration, altitude, HVAC equipment (dedicated equipment room), lighting, energy and fire prevention.

4. Routes Inter-Building (Inter-Building Pathways): In a campus environment, routes, inter-building are needed among which it makes the connection of separate buildings. The lists of standard ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A basement, ground, aerial and tunnel are the main types of routes used.

5. Routes Inter-Building Backbone Underground (Underground Inter-Building Backbone Pathways): An underground route is considered as a component of the ease of entry. For route planning, you should consider the limitations existing in the topology, ventilation to prevent accumulation of gas, vehicle traffic to determine the thickness of the layer covering the route and whether it should or should not be concrete, if groundwater constituted for conduits, it should have ducts and troughs, including manholes.

Cable Distribution System For Servers

The power cords for the servers will be installed under the raised floor and arranged in layers or channels. Fiber and coaxial cables that interconnect the data room of routers and switches to the server room have redundant facility, with a circuit walking under the raised floor and another next to racks of servers. The panels for the distribution of data cables will be distributed throughout the server room.

The design of the cabling is done according to structured cabling standards. 1:10 Distribution System Via Cable to WAN.

Fiber Optic :

The composition of the optical fiber provides conditions for the propagation of light energy through your core, it spreads light by successive reflections.

Optical fibers have some advantages over some of the traditional physical media such as coax and twisted pair. For example:

• Low transmission loss: decrease the number of repeaters.
• High transmission capacity, increases the amount of information conveyed.
• Interference immunity and electrical isolation: the data is not corrupted during transmission.
• Security sign: the fiber does not radiate significantly propagated light, giving a high degree of safety information conveyed.

The modern fiber optic bandwidth has very large (x multi-gigahertz km) with low attenuation and low dispersion of the pulses emitted. For these systems, the fiber properties are those that comes with the lowest cost per km per channel that are installed.

The Use Of Optical Fiber Also Has Some Disadvantages Such As:

• Fragility of optical fibers without encapsulation
• Difficulty in fiber-optic connections
• T-type couplers with very large losses
• Lack of standardization of optical components

The transmission capacity (bandwidth) of an optical fiber depends on its length, its geometry and profile of its refractive indices. There are two main classes of fiber: single mode and multi mode fiber has several modes of propagation and in accordance with the profile of the variation of refractive indices of the shell with respect to the core, are classified into: step index and graded-index, the difference between them can be seen in the figure below. Its diameter is quite high, between 50 and 80 microns, making the beam undergoes reflection, limiting the signal range to about 2 Km Because of this multi mode optical fibers are used in local or campus.

Already the single-mode fiber has very small dimensions, and a transmission capacity than multimode fibers, the diameter of 10 microns, allows a propagating wave without reflection. The distance is significantly higher and the bandwidth available is almost unlimited. Singlemode fibers are used, especially in long distance networks, ie networks in metropolitan type Gigabit Ethernet, or type of SDH or DWDM backbones.

There are some characteristics of transmission in optical fibers that strongly influence the performance of fibers with a transmission medium, such as DWDM. In choosing the type of optical fiber for WDM systems in operation, must analyze factors such as attenuation, dispersion and nonlinear effects, because they are essential for good system performance.

Each type of fiber has some behavior for WDM operation which will result in restrictions for this type of operation. These restrictions have a direct impact on system performance, limiting the transmission capacity or decreasing the extent of linkages.

As the reader note: It is not easy to set up Data Centers nor it is Cheap!!!

If it is the dream of your life, Go Ahead!!!

ESDS offers complete Data Center Setup Consultancy and Management Services.

For More Information, Please email Us At sales@esds.co.in